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1.
The Indochinese silvered langur (Trachypithecus germaini) is distributed to the west of Mekong River in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Vietnam. During a two‐year study, from May 2014 to May 2016, we collected 320.44 hr of behavior, with 17,040 feeding bouts recorded (142 hr) for T. germaini on Chua Hang Karst Mountain, Kien Luong District, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam. Feeding accounted for 45% of the Indochinese silvered langurs’ activity budget. The plant diet of the Indochinese silvered langurs was principally composed of young leaves (58%), followed by mature leaves (9.5%), fruits (22.7%), flowers (4.7%), buds (3.3%), petioles (1.2%), and other (0.5%). A total of 58 plant species were fed on by the silvered langurs, and leaves of eight species (Phyllathus reticulatus, Ficus rumphii, Ficus tinctoria, Ficus microcarpa, Cayratia trifolia, Streblus ilicifolia, Combretum latifolium, and Streblus asper) were fed on throughout the year. P. reticulatus was most frequently eaten (13.9% feeding time, n = 1,733). Food selection differed significantly between months and seasons. The Indochinese silvered langurs ate 27 plant species in the wet season compared with 23 plant species in the dry season. Leaf chemical composition of two food categories, 16 eaten species (with 10 most frequently consumed species and six least consumed species), and four noneaten species, were analyzed. Feeding samples from eaten species in the Indochinese silvered langurs's diet contained lower amounts of condensed tannin, lignin, protein, ash, and lipids, but a higher amount of total sugar compared with samples from noneaten species. Furthermore, the most frequently consumed species contained lower amounts of lignin compared with the less frequently consumed species. Using a generalized linear model with five variables, including neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total sugar, lignin, lipid, and calcium (Ca) indicated that NDF positively correlated and lignin content negatively correlated with feeding records in the diet of these langur. 相似文献
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In this paper we propose a method to produce maps of fire danger index (FDI). The index includes in the formula a vegetation pyrogenic potential index (VPPI) based on floristic phytosociological data. The map of FDI is produced by integrating available phytosociological maps of vegetation, geomorphology and climate, using the Geographic Information System technology. The method is applied to an area of the coastal Classical Karst (NE-Italy). While fire risk maps based on the incidence of previous fires are useful for facilitating emergency operations, e.g. the allocation of fire fighting resources, we conclude that the proposed index offers an effective tool to plan actions for fire prevention. 相似文献
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Phyto/zooplankton composition, chlorophyll a, and some water quality parameters were investigated in a spring-originated pond in Central Anatolia between February 2001
and January 2002. Water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, Secchi depth, total and calcium hardness, nitrate-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen,
ammonia-nitrogen, total phosphorus, and soluble reactive phosphorus levels were analyzed. A total of 49 species belonging
to Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Cryptophyceae, and Dinophyceae were identified. The highest phytoplankton
abundance was found in August, whereas the lowest was determined in January. Phytoplankton abundance increased from February
to August and declined in the following months. The Bacillariophyceae were dominant in the phytoplankton community. A total
of 21 species of Rotifera, 2 species of Cladocera, and 1 genus of Copepoda were found. The zooplankton community was dominated
by Rotifera. The highest abundance of zooplankton was recorded in July and the lowest value in November. The annual mean concentration
of chlorophyll a was measured as 1.90 μg l−1. In spite of these eutrophic levels (mean values of total phosphorus and nitrate-nitrogen: 0.069 mg P l−1 and 0.68 mg N l−1), phytoplankton cannot grow satisfactorily because of the short water retention time (0.6 day−1). The shallowness of the pond together with the low phytoplankton biomass and the high concentrations of nutrients are discussed. 相似文献
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利用红外线相机监测地表水对广西弄岗国家级自然保护区兽类分布的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
广西弄岗国家级自然保护区属岩溶地貌,表土层薄,储水度低,地表水奇缺,动物可能因水源而改变其活动范围和规律。2006年3月—2007年6月和2010年10月—2011年5月,该实验利用红外线相机在兽类通往水源地之间,即兽径上(如足迹和粪便)进行兽类调查。共拍摄到兽类5目12科17属19种,包括国家一级保护动物黑叶猴(Trachypithecus francoisi)和熊猴(Macaca assamensis)。物种累积曲线95%置信区间重迭,相似性分析和非度量多维标度显示两种微生境出没物种的差异较小,然而,差异物种占整体记录的42%,可见岩溶地区水资源极其珍贵。中、短期保护建议包括加强水源点的巡护、防止偷猎、限制滥抽地下水,以及考虑整合呈岛屿状的陇呼、弄岗及陇山地区,以加强保护大面积生境的连贯性,并加速恢复山峰间已遭破坏的圆洼谷地的原生树林。 相似文献
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喀斯特峰丛洼地植被演替过程中土壤养分的积累及影响因素 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以桂西北环江县典型喀斯特峰丛洼地为对象,利用空间代替时间的方法,于2009年分析了植被演替过程中表层土壤(0~15 em)养分的变化及其主要控制因素.结果表明:随着植被正向演替(草地-灌丛-次生林-原生林),表层土壤的有机碳、全氮和全磷等含量显著增加,分别由演替初期(草地)的29.1、2.48和0.72 g·kg-1增加为演替后期(原生林)的73.9、8.10和1.6g·kg-1.土壤阳离子交换量与有机碳和全氮密切相关,是喀斯特土壤C、N积累的主要控制因素;凋落物中的P含量、C/P和N/P是土壤全磷积累的主要控制因素,较高的凋落物P含量、N/P以及较低的C/P有利于土壤中P的积累;而坡度、坡向和裸岩率等地形因子对土壤养分的影响较小. 相似文献